Know the History of the Septic Tank—and Where It’s Located

Why Septic History Matters

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• Maintenance Records: Regular pumping and inspections are essential for a healthy septic system. Lack of maintenance can lead to system failure, costly repairs, or even replacement.

• Health and Safety: A neglected septic system can contaminate groundwater, cause unpleasant odors, or create health hazards for residents.

• Negotiation Tool: Documentation of recent pumping, inspections, and repairs can give buyers confidence—or provide leverage to request repairs or price adjustments before closing.

 

How to Check the Septic System’s History

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1. Contact the Local Health Department:
   Each county keeps records of septic permits, installation details, and pump reports.  Georgia Law Requires septic companies to submit pump/inspection reports each time a septic tank is serviced. Ask for all available documentation for the property. These records will list:

   • Date of installation

   • Permitted tank size and drain field type

   • Dates and findings of previous pump-outs and inspections

   • Any problems or repairs noted during past service

2. Review Past Reports:
   Look for notes about:

   • Repairs, failures, or system upgrades

   • Any code violations or recommendations for maintenance

   • Frequency of pumping (should be every 3–5 years for most homes)

   • Drain field repair space and availability.

3. No Recent Record?
   If there is no recent pumping or inspection on file, buyers should require the seller to have the system located, pumped, and inspected by a licensed professional before closing. This ensures the system is functioning and uncovers any hidden issues.

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Locating the Septic Tank

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Knowing exactly where the septic tank is located is important for future maintenance, landscaping, and even home additions.

How to Find the Tank:

• Check Property Records: Health department permits often include a diagram or description of the tank’s location relative to the house.

• Look for Visual Clues: Tanks are usually buried 10–25 feet from the home, in line with the main drain exiting the house. Look for:

  • Slightly raised or sunken areas in the yard

  • Access lids or inspection ports (often plastic or concrete)

  • Areas where grass grows faster or stays greener

• Ask Previous Owners: If possible, ask the seller or previous owners for details or old service receipts.

• Hire a Professional: If location is unclear, a plumbing or septic company can locate the tank using probes, electronic locators, or even camera inspection equipment.

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Why Location Matters

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• Access for Maintenance: The tank must be accessible for regular pumping and inspections. Tanks under decks, driveways, or additions can be difficult or expensive to reach.

• It is not uncommon for homeowners to unknowingly place permanent structures over the septic tank, limiting or cutting off access for maintenance entirely.

• Avoiding Damage: Knowing the tank’s location helps prevent accidental damage during landscaping, construction, or parking heavy vehicles.

• Planning for Additions: Local codes may require setbacks from septic systems for new structures or pools.

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Consider the Age of the System and Available Repair Room

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When evaluating a home with a septic system, it’s crucial to consider not just the system’s maintenance history, but also its age and the available space on the property for repairs or future upgrades.

Why Age and Space Matter:

• Older Systems: Septic systems have a limited lifespan—typically 20–30 years. Older systems are more likely to fail and may not meet current code requirements.

• Limited Repair Room: This is especially important for lake properties or homes on small lots. Many lakefront properties have unique soil types and limited space, which can restrict options for expanding or replacing drain fields.

• Costly Upgrades: If there isn’t enough room for a conventional drain field repair or expansion, homeowners may be required to install an aerobic (advanced treatment) system or mound system. These systems are significantly more expensive to install and maintain.

What Buyers and Agents Should Do:

• Review the age of the current septic system and ask about the last replacement or major repair.

• Assess the available yard space for future repairs or system expansion—pay special attention to small or irregularly shaped lots.

• For lake properties, check with local health authorities about soil suitability and minimum space requirements for septic repairs or replacements.

• Understand that properties with limited repair room could face substantial costs if the existing system fails and a more advanced system is the only viable option.

 

Bottom Line

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Before purchasing a home with a septic system, always:

• Obtain and review all available maintenance records

• Confirm the tank’s location and accessibility

• Require a recent pump and inspection if records are missing

• Always factor in the age of the septic system and the available space for repairs—especially with lakefront or small-lot homes—so you’re prepared for potential future costs and know what options are available if repairs or upgrades are needed.

Doing so protects your investment, safeguards your health, and helps ensure a smooth real estate transaction.

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